Developing a Futures-Oriented Policy-Making Model for Education in Iran Based on the Phoenix Approach (Civilizational Regeneration)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Educational Management, SR.C, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

This study aimed to design a futures-oriented policy-making model for education in Iran, based on the Phoenix approach (civilizational regeneration). The research employed a qualitative-integrative foresight methodology. Initially, the Futures Triangle method was applied to identify resistant pasts, emerging present trends, and possible futures. Subsequently, Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) was used to explore the educational system through discursive, structural, worldview, and myth/metaphor layers. Structural analysis using MICMAC software was conducted to identify key driving forces, and actor analysis was performed using the MACTOR method. The statistical population consisted of 15 purposively selected experts in education, futures studies, and educational policy-making. Findings revealed that the most influential drivers include educational equity gaps, generational-cultural shifts, exam-centrism, and technological transformations. Moreover, actors such as the Ministry of Education, the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution, and media organizations possess the highest degrees of influence and interdependence. The proposed model, inspired by the metaphor of the Phoenix, presents a regenerative framework for identity-based, institutional, and civilizational transformation in Iran’s educational policy-making system

Keywords



Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 21 May 2026
  • Receive Date: 06 August 2025
  • Revise Date: 11 September 2025
  • Accept Date: 10 September 2025
  • Publish Date: 21 May 2026