آینده پژوهی انقلاب اسلامی

آینده پژوهی انقلاب اسلامی

استراتژی‌های سه کشور ایران، روسیه و چین در قبال افول نظم تک‌قطبی لیبرال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
دانش آموخته دکتری روابط بین الملل دانشگاه گیلان.گیلان.ایران
چکیده
هدف: لیبرال دموکراسی به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین نظام­های سیاسی و ایدئولوژیک در قرن بیستم، بر اصولی چون حقوق بشر، آزادی­های فردی، حکومت قانون و دموکراسی نمایندگی مبتنی است. این اصول نه تنها پایه­گذار نظم سیاسی کشورهای غربی بودند؛ بلکه هژمونی خود را در سطح جهانی نیز به ویژه پس از پایان جنگ سرد تثبیت کردند. با این حال، در دو دهه اخیر، به ویژه با ظهور بازیگران ضد هژمون همچون ایران، روسیه و چین با چالش هایی مواجه شده است. هدف اصلی نوشتار حاضر، بررسی و تحلیل استراتژی‌های ایران، روسیه و چین نسبت به افول نظم جهانی لیبرال است.
روش: برای تحلیل داده­ها و نیل به نتایج پژوهش از روش تحلیل مقایسه­ای یا تطبیقی استفاده شده و روش جمع­آوری داده­ها و اطلاعات نیز کتابخانه­ای و اینترنتی است.
یافته­ ها: یافته­های پژوهش بیان می­دارد که با وجود اصرار ایالات‌متحده به حفظ برتری خود در نظم لیبرال جهانی، این نظم با بحران جدی مواجه گردیده است. در این میان، نگاه‌های تجدیدنظرطلبانه سه کشور ایران، روسیه و چین به نظم فعلی جهان، آن‌ها را در یک اردوگاه و در مخالفت با نظم تک­قطبی آمریکا گرد آورده است. لذا همکاری راهبردی ایران، روسیه و چین در بلندمدت می‌تواند به شکل‌گیری نظم بین‌المللی چندقطبی در عرصه بین‌الملل منجر شود.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتیجه این نوشتار حاکی از آن است که علی­رغم تلاش آمریکا برای جلوگیری از فروپاشی نظم تک­قطبی لیبرال، این نظم با چالش­های­ اساسی مواجه است. در این راستا، سه کشور ایران، روسیه و چین با قرار گرفتن در اردوگاه شرق و با رویکردی ضد هژمونیک در صدد ایجاد یک نظم چندقطبی بر اساس هندسه و نظم جدید قدرت در نظام بین­الملل بر آمده­اند که این امر می­تواند باعث ایجاد معادلات و نظم پساآمریکایی و پساغربی در صحنه جهانی شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The strategies of Iran, Russia, and China in the face of the decline of the liberal unipolar order

نویسنده English

Hamid Dorj
PhD student in International Relations, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
چکیده English


The goal: Liberal democracy, as one of the most important political and ideological systems in the twentieth century, is based on principles such as human rights, individual freedoms, the rule of law, and representative democracy. These principles not only formed the basis of the political order of Western countries, but also established their hegemony on a global level, especially after the end of the Cold War. However, in the last two decades, it has faced challenges, especially with the emergence of counter-hegemonic actors such as Iran, Russia, and China. The main purpose of this article is to examine and analyze the strategies of Iran, Russia, and China towards the decline of the liberal world order.
Method: To analyze the data and achieve the research results, the comparative analysis method was used, and the method of collecting data and information was library and internet.
Findings: The research findings indicate that despite the United States’ insistence on maintaining its supremacy in the liberal world order, this order has faced a serious crisis. Meanwhile, the revisionist views of the three countries of Iran, Russia, and China on the current world order have brought them together in one camp and in opposition to the unipolar order of the United States. Therefore, strategic cooperation between Iran, Russia, and China in the long term can lead to the formation of a multipolar international order in the international arena.
Conclusion: The conclusion of this article indicates that despite America's efforts to prevent the collapse of the liberal unipolar order, this order faces fundamental challenges. In this regard, the three countries of Iran, Russia, and China, by placing themselves in the Eastern camp and with an anti-hegemonic approach, have sought to create a multipolar order based on the new geometry and order of power in the international system, which could lead to the creation of post-American and post-Western equations and order on the world stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Unipolar order
multipolar order
liberal world order
post-American order
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دوره 7، شماره 1
بهار 1405
بهار 1405
صفحه 221-252

  • تاریخ دریافت 12 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 04 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 05 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 فروردین 1405